"KAZAKH BASE FOR AVIATION PROTECTION OF FORESTS AND FOREST SERVICE"
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On May 15, 2019, the Center for Emergency Situations and Disaster Risk Reduction conducted another test of UAVs for the timely detection of forest and steppe fires, as well as monitoring the situation and the planned organization of flood prevention works.
According to the Committee for Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in 2018 14,567 fires were registered in Kazakhstan, the material damage from which amounted to more than 3 billion tenge, 434 people died in the fire, 412 people were injured of varying severity. About 20100 houses were damaged (flooded) from floods in 2018, material damage amounted to more than 3 billion tenge.
According to the Deputy Center for Crisis Management of the Emergency Situations Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Colonel Rustambek Amrin: "Fires pose a great danger to people's lives and cause significant material damage. The Committee for Emergency Situations is exploring all the modern opportunities for disaster risk reduction to which the regions of Kazakhstan are exposed. ”
Testing of drones took place on the territory of Ereymentau district of Akmola region with the participation of representatives of the Emergency Situations Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Emergency Department of the city of Nur-Sultan, the Emergency Department of Akmola Region, Kokshetau Technical Institute of the CoES, the State Committee for Forestry and Animal World of the MoA Republic of Kazakhstan, State Enterprise "Kazavialesookhrana", akimat of Ereymentau district, KSU "Ereymentau Forestry Institution", the national natural park "Buiratau".
During the flights, participants in the event were convinced in practice of the capabilities of unmanned aircraft to protect forest areas from fires by timely identification of fires, including monitoring large areas of steppe areas adjacent to the state forest fund.
Test flights of UAVs also demonstrated the potential for planned preparation for the flood season by premature mapping of riverbeds and lakes, identifying locations of possible congestion, creating three-dimensional maps of the area for the subsequent calculation of water in the snow accumulated in winter.
In early 2019, UNICEF, together with the Committee for Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, conducted drone tests for use in searching and rescuing missing people, as well as for detecting forest fires in difficult conditions in mountainous areas. A seminar was held on the use of unmanned aircraft for specialists of all regional and regional rescue teams of the Emergency Situations System of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and representatives of a number of regional and city akimats.
UNICEF in a number of countries has initiated the creation of test corridors for the application of unmanned aircraft technology in addressing the needs of the population. The experience of Kazakhstan was presented at the global meeting on drones for social needs in April of this year.
Kazakhstan’s test lanes for drones are one of the latest additions to UNICEF’s global efforts to use UAVs in humanitarian aid. UNICEF helped set up UAV corridors in two other countries. For example, Vanuatu recently completed the world's first unmanned vaccine delivery.
From the enterprise of the State Enterprise "Kazavialesookhrana" the event was attended by Deputy General Director Mambayev Z.M., Inspector of the LPS Ust-Kamenogorsk Aviation Division Sanarov V.P.
The main purpose of the exercise is the timely adoption of sufficient measures to extinguish the existing fire and prevent its development on valuable forests, as well as the territory of the neighboring state.
Before the fire and tactical exercises, an inspection was made of the preparedness of fire fighting equipment, fire extinguishing equipment and personnel.
According to the plan of the exercise, during the aviation patrols of the protected area, an observer pilot of the Ridder Aviation Division of the State Enterprise Kazavialesokhrana saw a forest fire area of 0.5 hectares in the territory of the 55 quarter of the Bystrukh site of the West Altai State Natural Reserve. There is a high probability that a fire will enter the territory of the Russian Federation. After detecting a fire, the observer-pilot transmits information about the fire to the contact point of the forest owner. To the place of fire, from the aircraft, landing of fire-assault paratroopers with fire-fighting equipment is carried out promptly. Strong wind, high temperatures and the presence of dead wood contribute to the rapid spread of fire - the observer makes a decision to attract additional forces and means.
The forest owner receives information about the fire at the dispatch control center and the fire department of Ridder, the Central Fire Department of the Emergency Control Department of the East Kazakhstan region, the republican dispatch service, as well as the forest owner, the adjacent territory of the Altai Republic of the Russian Federation, on the occurrence of fire and measures taken.
The forces and facilities of the FSC of the West Altai State Natural Reserve arrive at the site of the fire.
Upon arrival at the site of the fire, the head of the forest fire station takes over the management of the fire extinguishing. Based on the monitoring received from the operational information groups, a decision is made to attract and increase forces and means.
In parallel, the state of fire is explored from the air, the prospect of its development is assessed, the spread of fire and the process of extinguishing is monitored, and the alignment of forces and means along the fire perimeter is adjusted.
During aerial reconnaissance, the following is revealed:
- low fire, strong;
- an area of 5 hectares, the western edge is not controlled;
- southwest wind of 10-12 m / s, to the state border with the Russian Federation only 2 km;
- the entrance of equipment is difficult;
- it is not enough forces and means.
After some time, the fire area grows to 25 hectares, the fire goes into the category of large. A decision is made to create a local fire fighting headquarters organizing the collection of information on the state of fire, taking into account and distributing forces and means to combat sites, developing an extinguishing plan, defining the main and spare lines, responsible for supplying fuel and lubricants, food, locating a field camp, kitchen, engaging a team medical assistance, patrol patrol to ensure law and order in the area of the fire, conducting a survey of water sources, organizing a meeting of forces and means and a fire controlling the fulfillment of the requirements of occupational health and safety standards, the operation of communications equipment for all radio directions, providing reception and transmission of information, RTP orders in the fire zone and at the contact point of the forest owner, carrying out the correction of the distribution of forces and facilities around the fire perimeter.
In the main direction, a tractor with a plow creates a mineralized support strip along the wall of a coniferous forest. The paratrooper fire team makes annealing along the prepared line in order to create a protective strip for stopping the fire front. Equestrian group provides suppression and liquidation of the resulting fires on the outer side of the annealing section.
Border Service outfits provide support for forces and equipment in the border area in order to prevent unauthorized crossing of the state border line.
The patrol-patrol service provides control posts on a public road in order to prevent unauthorized transportation of vehicles to the fire zone. To the place of a fire there come formations DFS VKO. The arrived formations are distributed among the combat sections, the combat task is determined by them.
After a long and persistent struggle in all areas, the existing edge of the fire was stopped, work is underway to localize and extinguish individual fires. Thanks to the coordinated actions of all services, it is possible to localize a conditional fire in all directions on an area of 27 hectares. The threat of a fire going to the territory of a contiguous state has been removed.
After localization, the collection of additional formations in the camp is announced. The chief of the local fire fighting headquarters announces the elimination of the fire. In total, the Mi-2 helicopter, more than 30 people and 12 units of special equipment were involved in the exercises.
According to the organizers of the exercise, these activities are carried out to work out the skills of extinguishing forest fires in conditions as close to real as possible, outflowing all the nuances that may arise during the liquidation of a real fire, interaction of all operational services and ensuring fire safety.
Fire and tactical exercises to work out joint actions of forest owners and special services units to extinguish forest fires in the border areas and lands of the state forest fund of the Turgensky branch, Ile-Alatau SNNP, were held on May 14 in the territory of the natural boundary Turgen.
Prior to the special tactical exercises, an extended seminar-meeting was held on fire safety in the forests of Ile-Alatau SNNP. During the seminar the following questions were covered:
- Compliance with safety procedures for extinguishing forest fires in mountain conditions Ile-Alatau SNNP;
- Interactions between aviation and ground protection of forests when extinguishing a forest fire, conducting radio exchanges with an aircraft, and safety measures for transporting people and goods by helicopters;
- First aid to persons injured in a fire;
- Preparations for possible avalanches, floods, floods, landslides, mudslides, as well as steppe and forest fires;
- Creation of forest fire stations in Ile-Alatau SNNP, and their tasks for extinguishing forest fires and ensuring interaction with district emergency management departments;
- Measures aimed at ensuring the safety of the population, business facilities, as well as reducing possible damage from natural disasters;
- The use of fire fighting equipment for extinguishing forest fires.
After the seminar, an inspection was made of the readiness of fire fighting equipment, fire extinguishing equipment and personnel.
According to the plan of the exercise, when conducting ground patrols on the territory of the Turgensky branch, at 13:00, the state forest protection inspector discovers a fire. Upon receipt of a signal of a fire, the dispatcher will notify all participants in the exercise.
In alarm, the ground guard detachment of the Turgen branch of the Ile-Alatau SNNP is the first to reach the fire site. Mobile brigades of foresters penetrate to the epicenter of fire by high-passable cars, where they fight the flame with the help of backpack fire extinguishers, tank trucks, firecrackers and shovels. Due to unfavorable weather conditions (strong wind, dry weather), rapid spread of burning is possible over a wide area. A decision is made to attract additional forces and means to combat the fire element.
To the aid of the representatives of the forestry come the ground guard detachments of the adjacent branches of Ile-Alatau SNNP, paratroopers-firemen of the Almaty Aviation Branch of the State Enterprise "Kazavialesookhrana", the state fire service of the city of Esik, emergency departments of the Karasai, Talbe and Shakeshikakha regions, the departments for emergency situations of the Karasai region, the emergency departments of the Karasai, Talagr and Enbekshikazak regions.
The fire fighting operational headquarters is also created at the site of the fire, which collects, processes and analyzes data on the fire situation.
The reconnaissance team surveys the state of fire, assesses the prospects for its development, monitors the spread of fire and the progress of extinguishing, and adjusts the distribution of forces and means around the perimeter of the fire.
Set fire area - 3 hectares. The probability of a fire going to the forest is high.
Enveloped in clouds of smoke, teams quickly begin to extinguish the fire.
To contain fire, the burning area around the perimeter is covered with a protective strip of special foam. Foresters and paratroopers firemen with backpack fire extinguishers ring squeeze the fire zone. In parallel, the fire units arrange a massive water attack, preventing the fire from spreading further.
At 14 hours and 30 minutes, the existing edge of the fire was stopped at all sites, and work was under way to localize and extinguish individual fires.
At 15 hours 00 minutes, the conditional fire was localized in all directions, and was not allowed to spread to the adjacent forest. The threat of fire to the state forest fund has been removed.
At 15 hours and 10 minutes, the gathering of additional formations in the camp is announced. The chief of the fire fighting operational headquarters announces the elimination of the fire.
In total, more than 60 people and 4 units of special equipment were involved in the exercises.
According to the organizers of the exercise, these activities are carried out to work out the skills of extinguishing forest fires in conditions as close to real as possible, outflowing all the nuances that may arise during the liquidation of a real fire, interaction of all operational services and ensuring fire safety.
Summing up the results of special tactical exercises, the general director of the Ile-Alatau SNNP Malgeldiev D.N. thanked all the participants, noting the coherence and consistency in the interaction of all departments and formations.
On May 13, 2019 during the air patrolling of the territory protected by the Almaty Aviation Division, a fire was discovered in 156 quarter, Verkhne-Ili forestry, Uigur State University. Information about the fire was transferred to the ground fire extinguishing services to take prompt measures to contain and eliminate the fire. The fire area at the time of detection 0.6 ha.
During the re-patrolling of the protected area, fire spread to the adjacent territory of the state reserve and Zharkent KSU was recorded, over an area of more than 50 hectares. Adjustment of the disposition of forces and means around the perimeter of the fire prior to its localization was carried out from the Mi-2 helicopter of the Taldykorgan Aviation Division.