Forest Guard - Roller Trigger (SU-R)

27 января 2020

The fire-fighting trigger device SU-R is designed for adjustable descent along the cord. Optimally adapted for descent from helicopters. The use of parachute-free landing allows you to deliver people and goods to unequipped sites. The SU-R trigger roller device is a set of rollers fixedly mounted on a metal board. On the device are marked various options for refueling the cord depending on the weight of the person or the load.

History of creation

The parachute-free landing method (hereinafter referred to as the BAP) began its history in the late 1920s. The design bureau of P.I. Grokhovsky, engaged in the development of parachute systems, has created a number of devices and devices for airborne landing of people and cargo. A set of tests was carried out, the results of which were found to be quite satisfactory.

However, only landing of cargo and equipment on landing platforms from a low-level flight was further developed. It should be noted that, for example, in the US Army, this method of landing military equipment is still almost the only possible one. In other countries, work has also been carried out in this direction - it’s enough to recall the development of German designers to land troops from a shaving flight on a canvas sleeve (this landing method was not widespread due to high injuries).

With the advent of helicopters, the air defense force received a new impetus for development - landing and non-stop (from a height of 2-3 m from the hover mode and at a flight speed of up to 10 km / h) of the tactical landing were made possible. But far from always the terrain and vegetation allow the helicopter to approach the ground at a safe distance - often a suitable platform for landing, is located at a considerable distance from the place of upcoming actions.

There was an urgent need for landing from a height of 5 m or more from the hovering mode. Firefighters and aviation rescuers became pioneers in this matter, since it was they who needed to land as close as possible to the fires and crash sites. Abroad, work was also carried out in this direction - two main methods of landing l / s were developed and put into practice: along the cord on the launching devices and along special ropes.

The development in 1960 of a drum-type trigger device (SU-B) increased the mobility of forest firefighters, allowing people and cargo to be lowered from a helicopter hanging at a height of up to 40 meters. The experimental descents, which were carried out by specially trained paratroopers, were led by engineer K.V. Shilov. Specialists of the LenNIIILKh and the Central Air Base carried out refinement and testing of the device until 1962.

The introduction of SU-B was very slow due to the lack of a production base in the forestry for their manufacture. Massive use of slopes began only in the seventies. The advent of the airborne fire service did not make the parachute airborne service less significant, on the contrary, both services reinforced each other. Helicopters made it possible to deliver people and extinguishing equipment to places where parachutist landing was impossible due to the lack of suitable landing sites - for example, in mountainous areas.

In 1978, according to the rational proposal of the engineer of the production and technical laboratory of the Central Air Base N.A. Pushkarev developed a special roller-type launching device "SU-R", which significantly increased the safety of descents by paratroopers and the speed of landing groups.

The trigger device SU-R consists of a steel protective removable casing and a steel base on which four aluminum rollers and two half rollers are fixed, having spherical grooves on the lateral surfaces into which the cord for lowering is laid.

The symbols on the casing mean: the numerator is the number of the hole (starting from the hole located next to the spring clip), the denominator is the mass of the person or load. The number of rollers covered by the cord depends on the individual mass of the descending person or the mass of the load.

There is a spring clip on the top roller. At the bottom of the base there is a hole for attaching a carbine. When the trigger moves along the cord, friction is generated. In this case, the initial descent speed can be from 0.5 to 1 m / s, with further advancement, the speed should not exceed 3 m / s. Allowable working load - 1500 kg, device weight - 520 g.

The trigger cord must be laid in a self-opening bay, which, when dropped, should be easily opened.

To prepare the device for operation, you must:

1. press the button and shift the protective cover from the trigger;

2. Store the free end of the cord in the immediate vicinity of the place of its fastening in SU-R, depending on the estimated weight of the launch.

Application of SU-R for self-descent of a person:

1. prepare the SU-R for work;

2. put the casing on the base with the cord already stocked according to one of the schemes for laying the trigger cord;

3. Using a carabiner, connect the used suspension system or rescue scarf to the lower oval hole SU-R;

4. hang on the trigger cord, pulling the free end of the cord below the SU-R;

5. loosening the grip of the cord with your hand, start sliding down;

6. Before landing, it is necessary to increase the tension of the lower end of the cord to reduce the speed to 0.2–0.5 m / s or to a complete stop;

7. After landing, you must crouch, thereby creating a slack in the cord;

8. unhook the carbine from the SU-R by pressing on the latch head, remove the protective cover and disconnect the base of the SU-R from the trigger cord.

The descent speed (not more than 3 m / s) is maintained by pulling the free end of the cord below the SU-R with the required force from 1 to 10 kgf. To fix the cord, it is necessary to wrap it around the upper protrusion of the SU-R.

Exploitation

In Kazavialesooxrana, with the help of a roller shutter (SU-R), paratroopers-firemen perform descents from a helicopter to the ground. Descent is carried out from a height of 30 and 40 meters. From such a height, paratrooper firefighters have to work directly to extinguish forest fires. A helicopter can get as close to the ground as the crowns of trees allow. It should be noted that it is not always possible to get to the area of the current forest fire by land transport, and when delivering forces and equipment by air, it is not possible to select a site for safe landing.

In such cases, a decision is made to land in the area of the fire using a helicopter. A pilot observer from the air selects a site suitable for descent of paratroopers-firemen, at least 5x5 meters in size between the crowns of trees. The helicopter hangs over this "well" at a height of at least 10 meters above the tops of trees (with the height to the ground should not exceed 45 meters). The observer pilot opens the door and drops a particularly durable (900 kg per gap) 50-meter cord, through which, with the help of a trigger roller device, fire paratroopers descend directly from the helicopter to the ground.

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