THE MINISTRY OF ECOLOGY TOLD HOW THEY ARE GOING TO SOW THE DRAINED BOTTOM OF THE ARAL
25 февраля 2022
The Ministry of Ecology told how they will sow saxaul on the former bottom of the Aral Sea, Tengrinews.kz reports.
In response to a request from Tengrinews.kz, after the publication of plans to sow the bottom of the Aral Sea with saxaul from the air, the Ministry of Ecology reported that sowing seeds on the former seabed was recognized as the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective method to stabilize the loose salt surface and shifting sands. The Ministry of Ecology noted that more than 100 thousand tons of salts and dust are carried annually from the bottom of the Aral Sea.
President Tokayev, in order to improve the environmental situation, set the task of carrying out phytoforestry (afforestation) work at the bottom of the Aral Sea until 2025 on a total area of 1.1 million hectares by creating saxaul plantations. From the moment of independence until 2021, 195,000 hectares of saxaul have already been planted on the dry seabed.
In order to adopt foreign experience in carrying out such work, a Kazakh delegation headed by the Vice Minister of Ecology went to Uzbekistan in June 2021. Earlier in this country, sowing work was already carried out at the bottom of the Aral Sea on an area of 1.6 million hectares, and most of this area was covered with aerial seeding.
During the trip, the head of the laboratory of the Research Institute of Forestry of Uzbekistan, Novitsky, acquainted the Kazakh side with the Uzbek experience in afforestation of the dried seabed. Members of the Kazakh delegation traveled to the Aral regions bordering Kazakhstan. The survival rate of saxaul in the surveyed areas on the territory of Uzbekistan amounted to 1,500 pieces per hectare.
From October to May, the Kazakh side carried out six expeditions to determine the scope and methods of carrying out the planned work on planting greenery on the bottom of the Aral Sea. LLP "Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry named after A.N. Bukeikhana" on the basis of all studies and data of Kazakh and Uzbek scientists has developed Temporary recommendations for sowing seeds of black saxaul in the Kyzylorda region.
"According to the recommendations, it was planned to carry out aerial seeding on an area of 64,000 hectares. Due to the fact that seven units of new T-150 tractors were purchased last fall, it became possible to conduct large-scale mechanical seeding, and in order to save financial resources, aerial seeding was replaced by mechanized sowing ", - reported the Ministry of Ecology.
The Ministry noted that sowing seeds from the air is not something incredible. This method has its pros and cons. Among the advantages is the ability to sow seeds in large and hard-to-reach areas for the passage of equipment. The negative aspects include high seed consumption, low survival rate of seedlings and weaker crop growth compared to planting. Such work can be effective in the selection of areas, thorough preparation of the soil for air seeding (mechanized tillage), compliance with sowing dates, seed quality, weather conditions in the year of sowing. In Uzbekistan, the survival rate of seeds ranged from 20 to 65 percent.
As a result, in 2021, saxaul was sown on an area of 100,000 hectares. In 2022-2025, sowing is planned on an area of 250,000 hectares annually. The work was carried out by subordinate organizations of the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources and state forestry institutions of the Akimat of the Kyzylorda region. 206.6 million tenge were allocated from the republican budget for the collection of seeds.
It is also planned to carry out the following works from 2021 to 2025:
1.development of innovative methods for improving the survival of saxaul on the bottom of the Aral Sea and the development of recommendations for mechanical seeding and air seeding of saxaul;
2.mapping of the lands of the subsided forest fund (drawing up maps of the modern relief with an assessment of soils, salt, movement of sands, underground and aboveground waters, vegetation);
3.conducting soil surveys and developing working projects for afforestation of the seabed;
4.creation of a forest nursery on a drained bottom (30 hectares) to provide planting material;
5.reforestation and afforestation at ODAM.
https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/minekologii-rasskazali-sobirayutsya-zaseyat-osushennoe-dno-462185/
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